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Communicable Diseases Agency

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) of the genital tract caused by the bacteria Trichomonas vaginalis.

Last updated 7 November 2025

What is trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) of the genital tract caused by the bacteria Trichomonas vaginalis. Women are the main carriers of the disease; men who are infected are usually asymptomatic.

It is a preventable and curable STI. However, reinfection appears to be common.

How is trichomoniasis transmitted?

Trichomoniasis is most often transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse with an infected individual.

What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis?

Most people who have trichomoniasis are asymptomatic. When symptoms show, they can range from mild irritation to severe inflammation.

For men

  • Itching or irritation in the penis

  • Burning sensation after urinating or ejaculating

  • Discharge from the penis

For women

  • Itching, burning sensation, redness or soreness of the genitals

  • Discomfort when urinating

  • Clear, white, yellowish, or greenish vaginal discharge with a fishy smell

What are the risk factors?

Risk factors include:

  • Unprotected sex with an infected person

  • Having multiple sexual partners

  • Inconsistent condom use

  • History or current presence of other STIs

  • A previous episode of trichomoniasis

How to treat trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis can be treated with a course of antibiotics taken over seven days. However, reinfection appears to be common.

If you are pregnant, untreated trichomoniasis can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

How to prevent trichomoniasis?

Ways to prevent trichomoniasis include:

  • Informing current or recent sexual partners if you are diagnosed

  • Avoiding sex until treatment is completed

  • Using condoms consistently and correctly

  • Limiting the number of sexual partners

  • Getting tested for STIs regularly